Gibbs model of reflection examples11/28/2023 Although the number of countries included in this study is too low to produce globally generalizable results, a statistical comparison of national means on each item fails to support Hofstede's predictions about how national culture manifests in the classroom for these particular countries. The present study tests this suggestion by administering an online survey to university students (n=625) in the following countries: USA (n=181), South Africa (n=l03), China (n=64), Turkey, (n=60), Russia, (n=59), Finland (n=58), Vietnam (n=52), and France (n=48). Although Hofstede's model of culture was developed from IBM employee surveys to facilitate cross-cultural management, Hofstede explicitly suggests that his findings can be generalized to student and teacher behavior in the classroom. Researchers in cross-cultural pedagogy often invoke the work of Hofstede (1980 1986) and Hofstede, Hofstede, and Minkov (2010) to explain variation in classroom behavioral norms across countries (e.g. Originality/value – This paper will provide a contribution to cultural diversity in organisations related to its management as an anthology and will be a systematic knowledge base for researchers. Practical implications – The researchers of this topic would be able to make empiric and theoretical evaluations in the frame of perspectives explored in the paper. Research limitations/implications – Because the main aim is to make only a detailed literary review and bring up different views through a classification, there are no theoretical interpretations nor personal critiques about the writers' different perspectives in the paper. In order to be able to effectively manage cultural diversity in organisations, it is beneficial to develop a ''cultural diversity management model'' peculiar to the organisation by considering the positive and negative sides of different perspectives located in this study. There are various typologies about the organisational and managerial literature. Findings – The answer to the question of how cultural diversity should be managed effectively cannot be given easily. In the paper these different perspectives about this matter are classified. Design/methodology/approach – First, the literature which covers the ''diversity management'' and ''cultural diversity management'' is reviewed in detail and then tried to explore the contributors' different views about the effective cultural diversity management approach. Purpose – To make a literary review related to effective management of cultural diversity in organisations and to systematically bring up different views put forward regarding this issue.
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